Combining both modern and traditional style architectures, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back over three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest city in the world by population for much of the second millennium AD. With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. It has seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites—the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal—all of which are popular tourist locations. Siheyuans, the city's traditional housing style, and hutongs, the narrow alleys between siheyuans, are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing.

北京是中国古都，是拥有三千余年建城历史、八百六十余年建都史的历史文化名城，有辽、金、元、明、清五个朝代在此定都。北京荟萃了自元明清以来的近世中华文化，拥有众多历史名胜古迹和人文景观，拥有7项世界遗产，是世界上拥有文化遗产项目数最多的城市。北京古迹众多，著名的有紫禁城、天坛、颐和园、圆明园、北海公园等；胡同和四合院作为北京老城的典型民居形式，已经是北京历史重要的文化符号。北京是中国重要的旅游城镇，《米其林旅游指南》评为“三星级旅游推荐”（最高级别）。